In the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River, the area where the rice-wheat two-crop rotation system is implemented all the year round is very high, and it can produce a large amount of rice and wheat every year. In order to improve the utilization rate of planting equipment in this area and realize the dual-purpose sowing of rice and wheat, a rice-wheat dual-purpose seed metering device was designed which use spiral tubes to scoop. The seed metering device adopts a spiral seed-scoop tube assembly to take a certain amount of seeds, and a small amount of seeds in the picked seeds reach the bottom of the spiral seed-scoop tube assembly and are protected by the rear shell of the seed metering device, the seeds are successively passed through the filling and protecting area, the cleaning and protecting area, and the throwing area,then the seeds are discharged at the lowest point of the seed metering device. In this paper, the structural parameters of the key components of the seed metering device are determined. Specifically, the number of the spiral seed-scoop tube assembly of the seed metering device is 12, and the taper angle of the right-handed outer cone spiral of the spiral seed-scoop tube assembly is θ=45°, base diameter d1=164 mm, pitch p=400 mm, number of turns n=0.09; radius of transition arc line f=15 mm; length of straight section g=15 mm; diameter of circle where the center of the installation hole of the tube is d2=155.632 mm. Taking Huanghuazhan and Zhengmai 9023 as test objects, a bench test was carried out on the seed metering device using a response surface test program. The test results were analyzed, and the regression models of each test index were established. The response surface analysis was carried out for each factor affecting the seeding pass rate. The Design-Expert software was used to optimize the parameters and the optimal parameter combination was determined. The theoretical results of the following test indicators are as follows: when the rice is sown, on the condition of the rotational speed is 45 r/min, the inclination angle is 3°and the length of seeding out hole is 9 mm, the qualified rate is 81.3%, the reseeding rate is 2.8%, the no seeding rate is 2.5%, the qualified rate of hole distance is 94.8%, and the variation coefficient of hole distance is 17.4%; when sowing wheat, on the condition of the rotational speed is 60 r/min, the inclination angle is 1°and the length of seeding out hole is 9 mm, the qualified rate is 98.2%, the reseeding rate is 0.2%, the no seeding rate is 1.6%, the qualified rate of hole distance is 93.3%, and the variation coefficient of hole distance is 18.3%. The bench test is carried out according to the optimal parameter combination. It shows that the seeding device can meet the agronomic requirements of rice and wheat sowing under certain conditions;when sowing rice, on the condition of the rotational speed is 45 r/min, the inclination angle is 3°and the length of seeding out hole is 9 mm, the qualified rate is 78.2%, the reseeding rate is 3.7%, the no seeding rate is 1.0%, the qualified rate of hole distance is 97.9%, and the variation coefficient of hole distance is 16.2%.When sowing wheat, on the condition of the rotational speed is 60 r/min, the inclination angle is 1°and the length of seeding out hole is 9 mm, the qualified rate is 93.4%, the reseeding rate is 3.4%, the no seeding rate is 3.2%, the qualified rate of hole distance is 93.6%, and the variation coefficient of hole distance is 25.5% ; the test results are basically consistent with the theoretical results obtained from software analysis. This study can provide a reference for the design of rice and wheat dual-use planters.