山地自走式电动双轨运输机设计与试验
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华南农业大学

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“丘陵山地安全输运与多功能轻型底盘研究与示范,项目编号: 2019B020223001”,广东省科技计划重点研发项目(智能农机装备专项);“基于高光谱技术的柑橘兰花生长特性及生产管控模型研究,项目编号: 2019B020214001-1”,广东省科技计划重点研发项目(精细农业专项,设施园艺作物精准调控关键技术研究与示范项目)


Design and test of self-running electric dual-rail transporter in mountain area
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    摘要:

    针对钢丝绳牵引式双轨运输机的牵引钢丝绳在弯曲起伏轨道上作业时,易出现乱绳和挤绳所带来的安全性问题,本文设计了一种无需钢丝绳的自走式电动双轨运输机,并进行了相关试验。运输机主要由电驱动系统和传动系统组成,空载质量、平地目标载重和最大斜坡目标载重设计值依次为75 kg、175kg、75kg,最大斜坡坡度为30°。对运输机进行力学模型分析,获得了电机和电池的参数,所选驱动电机型号为三拓GW114165,电源采用两个相互串联的12-LPA-24免维护铅酸蓄电池,同时确定了一主动多从动的传动方式;通过对橡胶轮有限元分析表明,驱动轮和支撑轮均采用氟丁橡胶符合设计要求;电流测试试验表明,运输机在不同载重不同爬坡度的条件下,电源电流的变化范围为2.61~20.12 A,电机的电流变化范围为1.305~10.06 A,所选电机和电池均满足设计要求,并测得运输机运行速度为0.241~0.7m/s;平地能耗试验表明,同一载重,方差较小,说明运输机的在相同工况下的能耗比较稳定,不同载重量,能耗维持在1.58-2.88W?h,根据电池组的容量为576W?h,计算出在运输机平地的航程在3560m到6489.1m之间;打滑性试验表明,尽量不要在满载的爬坡状态下在陡坡处停机,如需停机,可人为辅助启动;正交试验表明,驱动轮材料、轨道坡度和装载质量3个因素对运输机运行速度的影响程度各不相同,各因素对运行速度的影响依次是:B>A>C,其中坡度对运行速度的Sig值为0.049,小于0.05,影响最为显著。因此,为了提高运输机的运行速度,可把轨道坡度作为切入点,尽量减小坡度,以此来提高运输机的运行速度。该研究能较好的解决钢丝绳牵引式双轨运输机的牵引钢丝绳在弯曲起伏轨道上作业时,易出现乱绳和挤绳所带来的安全性问题,并且为山地自走式电驱动双轨运输机的后续发展提供参考。

    Abstract:

    Aiming at the safety problem caused by random rope and extruded rope when the rope is used on the curved and undulating track, a kind of self-propelled electric double-track conveyor without wire rope is designed. Conveyor is mainly composed of electric driving system and transmission system, light quality, the ground target load and the maximum slope load design value of 75 kg, 175 kg, 75 kg, the maximum slope gradient is 30 °.The mechanical model of the conveyor was analyzed, and the motor and battery parameters were obtained. The selected driving motor model was Santuo GW114165.Through the finite element analysis of rubber wheel, it is shown that both the driving wheel and the supporting wheel meet the design requirements. The current test shows that under the conditions of different loads and different slopes, the variation range of power supply current and motor current of the conveyor is 2.61~ 20.12a and 1.305~ 10.06a respectively. The selected motors and batteries meet the design requirements, and the running speed of the conveyor is 0.241~0.7m/s. The flat land energy consumption test shows that the same load has a small variance, indicating that the energy consumption of the transport plane is relatively stable under the same working condition. The energy consumption is maintained at 1.58-2.88w h under different loadings. According to the battery pack capacity of 576W?h, the range of the flat land of the transport plane is calculated to be between 3560m and 6489.1m.The skidding test shows that it is best not to stop the machine at the steep slope under full load climbing state. If the machine needs to stop, it can be started manually. The orthogonal test shows that the driving wheel material, the rail slope and the loading quality have different influences on the operation speed of the conveyor. The influences of each factor on the operation speed are B>A>C, and the Sig value of the slope on the operation speed is 0.049, less than 0.05, which has the most significant influence. Therefore, in order to improve the operation speed of the conveyor, the rail slope can be taken as the entry point to reduce the slope as far as possible, so as to improve the operation speed of the conveyor. Therefore, this study can better solve the safety problems caused by random rope and rope extrusion when the traction steel wire rope of the wire rope traction type double-rail transport plane works on the curved and undulating track, and provide a reference for the follow-up development of the self-propelled double-rail transport plane in the mountainous area.

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  • 收稿日期:2019-03-28
  • 最后修改日期:2019-05-21
  • 录用日期:2019-05-27
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