The mechanisms of metabolic response in the succulent stems of Zizania latifolia under different concentrations of phthalic acid esters（PAEs） were systematically analyzed using ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry combined with untargeted metabolomics to study the mechanism underlying changes in nutritional quality of Zizania latifolia succulent stems under phthalate esters（PAEs） stress. The results showed that high concentrations of PAEs significantly increased the content of crude fiber（46.15%）， soluble protein（410%）， and free amino acids（22.96%） in the succulent stems， but decreased the whiteness， the content of vitamin C （50.11%）， and the content of soluble solids. Medium concentrations of PAEs increased the content of total ash（16.67%） and water-soluble ash（11.48%） in the succulent stems， while the content of crude fiber and reducing sugars in the succulent stems were the lowest under low concentrations of PAEs. 689 differential metabolites were identified with untargeted metabolomics. Medium concentrations of PAEs induced changes in 227 metabolites， among which amino acids were down-regulated and lipids were up-regulated， significantly affecting the metabolic pathways of arginine and proline. High concentrations of PAEs triggered changes in 267 metabolites， leading to the up-regulation of amino acids and phenylpropanoids， and the down-regulation of nucleotides and organic acids. It will help to clarify the effects of PAEs pollution on the nutritional quality of crops， and provide a scientific basis for agricultural production and environmental protection to promote the sustainable development of agriculture and ensure food security.