黄石爬鮡消化系统形态学和组织学特征
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作者单位:

1华中农业大学水产学院,武汉 430070;2华电金沙江上游水电开发有限公司叶巴滩分公司,甘孜 627153

作者简介:

余宗泽,E-mail:1476786979@qq.com

通讯作者:

杨瑞斌,E-mail:rbyang2004@163.com

中图分类号:

S917.4

基金项目:

华电集团金沙江上游远期放流鱼种人工繁育技术研究项目(T-2022-04)


Morphological and histological study on digestive system of Euchiloglanis kishinouyei
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Affiliation:

1College of Fisheries,Huazhong Agricultural University,Wuhan 430070,China;2Huadian Jinsha River Upstream Hydropower Development Co.,Ltd., Yebatan Branch,Ganzi 627153,China

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    摘要:

    为了解黄石爬鮡(Euchiloglanis kishinouyei)消化系统的特征,运用形态学、组织学方法观察其摄食器官和消化系统,结果发现:黄石爬鮡上下颌齿密集,上颌齿带明显向后延伸;食道短粗;胃为“U”型,容量较大;肠道根据两处明显弯折可分为前肠、中肠、后肠,前肠较为膨大,肠道系数为0.45±0.06;肝脏具有独特的主副肝特征,主肝分为两叶,左长右短,分布于腹腔前端;副肝通过穿过体壁的连接带延伸到胸鳍基部后方的皮下腔隙中,左右形态相似;主肝肝体比为(0.65±0.46)%,副肝肝体比为(0.54±0.27)%。唇周以及须上味蕾发达;食道肌肉均为横纹肌,纵肌在黏膜下层中呈束状分布;胃体部有大量发达胃腺,幽门部环肌显著增厚;肠道中,前肠黏膜褶高度最高,中、后肠黏膜褶与对应肠径比一直维持较高水平;中肠杯状细胞数量最少;后肠杯状细胞数量显著高于中肠。发达的味蕾、较大的副肝和较高的肠黏膜褶相对高度体现出黄石爬鮡摄食器官和消化系统对激流环境的高度适应。

    Abstract:

    To investigate the characteristics of the digestive system of Euchiloglanis kishinouyei,a series of studies were conducted on its feeding organs and digestive tract using morphological and histological approaches.The results showed that E. kishinouyei has densely packed teeth on both the upper and lower jaws,with the upper tooth band extending distinctly backward.The esophagus is short and thick,and the stomach is U-shaped with a relatively large capacity.The intestine can be divided into the foregut,midgut,and hindgut based on two distinct bends.The foregut is enlarged,with an intestinal coefficient of 0.45±0.06.The liver exhibits a unique main-accessory liver structure:the main liver,divided into two lobes (a long left lobe and a short right lobe),is located at the anterior end of the abdominal cavity,while the accessory liver extends into the subcutaneous space behind the base of the pectoral fins via a connective band that passes through the body wall.Both sides of the accessory liver are morphologically similar.The hepatosomatic index (HSI) was (0.65±0.46)% for the main liver and (0.54±0.27)% for the accessory liver.Histological observations revealed well-developed taste buds around the lips and on the barbels.The esophageal musculature consists entirely of striated muscle,with longitudinal muscle bundles distributed in the submucosa.Numerous well-developed gastric glands were found in the corpus region of the stomach,and the circular muscle layer in the pyloric region was markedly thickened.Among the intestinal sections,the mucosal folds in the anterior intestine were the tallest,while the ratios of mucosal fold height to intestinal diameter remained relatively high in both the midgut and hindgut.Goblet cell numbers were lowest in the midgut and significantly higher in the hindgut.The well-developed taste buds,large accessory liver,and high relative height of intestinal mucosal folds reflect the species’ strong adaptation to fast-flowing water environments.These findings provide a theoretical foundation for developing domestication strategies for E. kishinouyei.

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余宗泽,刘季松,王海州,苏晓静,杨学芬,杨瑞斌.黄石爬鮡消化系统形态学和组织学特征[J].华中农业大学学报,2026,45(2):18-27

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  • 收稿日期:2025-03-20
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  • 在线发布日期: 2026-04-07
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