金沙江流域黄石爬鮡的年龄与生长特性
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1华中农业大学水产学院,武汉 430070;2华电金沙江上游水电开发有限公司叶巴滩分公司,甘孜 627153

作者简介:

苏晓静,E-mail: 18533534570@163.com

通讯作者:

杨学芬,E-mail: xfy@mail.hzau.edu.cn

中图分类号:

S917.4

基金项目:

华电集团金沙江上游远期放流鱼种人工繁育技术研究(T-2022-04)


Characteristics of age and growth of Euchiloglanis kishinouyei in Jinsha River Basin
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Affiliation:

1College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China;2Yebatan Branch of Huadian Jinshajiang Upstream Hydropower Development Co., Ltd., Ganzi 627153,China

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    摘要:

    为评估金沙江流域黄石爬鮡(Euchiloglanis kishinouyei)种质资源的长期变化趋势,以脊椎骨为年龄鉴定材料,对2004年从金沙江流域采集的208尾黄石爬鮡样本的年龄组成与生长特性进行初步分析,并与后期同水域种群数据进行比较。结果显示:(1)样本种群体长为114~286 mm,体质量为25.0~470.0 g;共鉴定出115尾鱼的年龄,年龄范围4~14龄,其中以8~11龄为主。体长(L)与体质量(W)的拟合关系式为 W=3×10-5L2.8838R2=0.918 8,n=208),属匀速生长方式;von Bertalanffy拟合的体长和体质量生长方程分别为:Lt=248.3[1-e-0.089(t+2.495)]、Wt=242.0[1-e-0.089(t+2.495)2.8838,拐点年龄为9.38龄,此时的体长和体质量分别为Li=162.2 mm、Wi=70.9 g,表明金沙江流域黄石爬鮡生长缓慢。(2)与后期同水域种群生长参数比较,本研究中黄石爬鮡群体的最大体长、体质量和年龄均较大,且其大个体鱼与高龄个体占比较多;体长与体质量关系式中b值更高,为匀速生长类型,与2018-2019年同水域黄石爬鮡的异速生长类型(b=2.459 6<3)明显不同;拐点年龄较大,且拐点年龄后的个体比例较高;渐近体长L、渐近体质量W和表观生长指数φ均较大。结果表明,随时间推移黄石爬鮡种群存在显著低龄化和小型化现象,需尽快开展相关保护工作,以保护金沙江流域黄石爬鮡重要种质资源。

    Abstract:

    To evaluate the long-term trends in the germplasm resources of Euchiloglanis kishinouyei in the Jinsha River Basin, the age composition and growth characteristics of 208 samples collected from the basin in 2004 were preliminarily analyzed, and then compared with the population data from the same water body in later periods. The results showed that: (1) The samples’ body length ranged from 114 to 286 mm, and body weight ranged from 25.0 to 470.0 g; 115 fish ages were identified, ranging from 4 to 14 instars, primarily between 8 and 11 instars. The relationships between body length (L) and body weight (W) was W = 3×10-5L2.8838R2=0.918 8, n=208), indicating a consistent growth pattern. The body length and body weight growth were modeled using the von Bertalanffy growth equation were as follows: Lt = 248.3[1-e-0.089(t+2.495)], Wt = 242.0[1-e-0.089(t+2.495)2.8838. The inflection point age was 9.38 years, with corresponding body length and body weight of Li = 162.2 mm and Wi = 70.9 g, respectively, indicating slow growth of E. kishinouyei in the Jinsha River Basin. (2) Compared with the data from the late stage of the same water population, the maximum body length, maximum body weight, and maximum age of the E. kishinouyei in this study are greater, with a higher proportion of large and older individuals. The value of b in the body length-body weight relationship was higher, indicating an isometric growth pattern, which differs significantly from the allometric pattern observed previously (b=2.459 6<3) for E. kishinouyei in the same water area during 2018-2019. The inflection point age is delayed, and the proportion of individuals beyond this age is higher. Additionally, the asymptotic length L, asymptotic weight W and apparent growth index φ were all larger. It is showed that the populations of E. kishinouyei exhibit a significant trend of reduced age and miniaturization over time. Relevant conservation efforts should be implemented as soon as possible to protect the important germplasm resources of E. kishinouyei in the Jinsha River Basin.

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苏晓静,唐茂刚,熊皓,余宗泽,杨瑞斌,马徐发,杨学芬.金沙江流域黄石爬鮡的年龄与生长特性[J].华中农业大学学报,2026,45(2):9-17

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  • 收稿日期:2025-03-21
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  • 在线发布日期: 2026-04-07
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