Abstract:Field plot treatment and two groups of experiments including CK (conventional fertilization) and T (750 kg/hm2 biochar + conventional fertilization) were used to study the effects of biochar on soil nutrients and rhizosphere bacterial community structure of fluecured tobacco at maturity stage. The results showed that biochar significantly increased soil pH,the content of available phosphorus,available potassium and organic carbon,and promoted the growth and development of tobacco plants. Compared with CK,the abundance of Chloroflexi,Acidobacteria and Firmicutes increased by 1.82%,12.36% and 64.55%,respectively. The abundance of Actinobacteria and Proteobacteria decreased by 2.02%,and 9.00%,respectively. The results of cluster and principal component analyses showed that the dominant bacteria were significantly correlated with the soil pH,available potassium,available phosphorus and organic carbon. The Firmicutes,Myxococcota and Desulfobacterota were significantly positively correlated with soil pH,available phosphorus,available potassium and organic carbon (P<0.05). The Bacterdidota and Patescibacteria were negatively correlated with soil pH,available potassium,available phosphorus and organic carbon. Biochar application can improve the quality of tobacco leaves by improving the mineral nutrition and microbial community around the roots. Biochar is conducive to soil nutrient retention and growthpromoting bacterial communities in the rhizosphere during the maturity period of tobacco. It will provide a theoretical reference for regulating soil nutrition and microecological environment during tobacco maturity.