The spatial-temporal differentiation of the vegetation NPP in the Yellow River Basin from 2001 to 2018 was analyzed with CASA-VPM model and ecological economic coordination coupling degree model based on NDVI,LSWI,land use data,meteorological data and statistical data.The current ecological and economic development status is discussed.The degree of ecological-economic coordination and coupling is evaluated.The results showed that the annual average vegetation NPP in the Yellow River Basin from 2001 to 2018 was 288.33 gC/(m2?a).The fluctuations are continued to increase.The spatial distribution characteristics of the NPP are high in the south and low in the north,high in the plains and basins,and low in the plateaus and mountains.The monthly average NPP change of different vegetation types has the characteristics of periodic singlepeak changes.The trends and cycles of different vegetation types over time are the same,but the amplitude and rate of change has obvious distinction.The total annual ecological value of the area studied after the economic value is fitted with “U” shaped and linear change characteristics,with the growth rate of latter much higher than that of the former.The cold spots are mainly distributed in the transitional area between the northwestern mountain and the plateau edge.The hot spots are mainly located in the Yellow River,the “Golden Triangle” area of the river basin.The ecological and economic coordination coupling degree of the area studied presents a strip-like spatial distribution characteristic of “large dispersion,small aggregation” and rising with a “W” curve.The level of economic development is the dominant factor for the ecological and economic coordination coupling degree of the river basin.