Since the transitional period，China has firmly adhered to the bottom line task of preventing large-scale poverty relapse.Based on structural changes in target groups of governance and in response to public expectations，the government has developed poverty alleviation practices with Chinese characteristics.During the period of targeted poverty alleviation，China’s anti-poverty theory provided important experience references for global poverty reduction efforts.In the new stage of development towards common prosperity，China’s series of policy innovation practices based on poverty prevention are offering solutions of greater universal value for addressing poverty worldwide.Summarizing and refining the theoretical value of transitional policy practices can help enrich the connotation of China’s characteristic anti-poverty theoretical system and highlight the unique value and contribution of transitional practices and experiences in the global poverty reduction.Research suggests that since the transitional period，China has deeply integrated the concept of poverty prevention into the entire process of assistance work.By establishing a mechanism to prevent poverty relapse and occurrence，building a support system centered on multidimensional risk elimination，establishing identification and stratified assistance system for low-income population，and exploring targeted support for groups facing expenditure-induced hardship，thereby institutionalizing the goal of “preventing potential poverty.”After the transitional period，it is still necessary to take theoretical innovation as the driving force，continuously improve and optimize assistance measures，integrate the work concept of preventing and resolving risks throughout the process，broaden the scope of risk awareness， refine the types and levels of assistance for low-income populations，focus on the trend of urban-rural integration development，and build an inclusive assistance system for low-income population.