The remediation of farmland “non-gratification” is of great significance for national food security.This article utilizes data from the China Rural Revitalization Survey （CRRS） to explore the impact of farmland fragmentation on farmers’ planting structure and the moderating effect of farmers’ digital participation in this relationship.Research has shown that，overall，farmland fragmentation has a significant positive impact on the “non-grainization” planting structures；the more severe the fragmentation， the higher the degree of “non-grainization” in farmers’ planting structure of farmers.When analyzing sub-samples from the eastern，central，and western regions，the impact of farmland fragmentation on “non-grainization” remains robust in the central and western regions，but is not significant in the eastern regions.From the perspective of different terrains——plains，hills and mountainous areas——farmland fragmentation promotes “non-grainization” in the plains and hilly regions，while this effect is not significant in mountainous areas.Regarding different operational scales of farmers，for those managing more than 5 acres，farmland fragmentation has a significant positive impact on “non-grainization” planting structure of farmers；however，this effect is not significant for those managing less than 5 acres.Furthermore，farmers’ digital participation exacerbates the trend of “non-grainization” in their planting structure，and plays a moderating effect in the mechanism through which farmland fragmentation affects “non-grainization”. Therefore，in the process of curbing “non-gratification”，the government should reasonably guide farmland fragmentation and guard against the trend of “non-gratification” in planting structures caused by digitization.