农村幼儿园设立与儿童入园选择
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1.中央民族大学 经济学院/中国兴边富民战略研究院,北京100081;2.中国科学院 地理科学与资源研究所,北京100101;3.联合国环境署 国际生态系统管理伙伴计划,北京100101

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F327

基金项目:

国家自然科学基金杰出青年基金项目“农村教育管理与政策(71925009)”;国家自然科学基金面上项目“公共就业服务政策的实施及其对农村劳动力非农就业的影响研究(72373140)”。*为通讯作者。


Establishment of Rural Kindergarten and Children’s Enrollment Choices
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    摘要:

    基于中国农村发展调查2016年和2019年的面板数据,采用Probit、线性概率模型(LPM)和二值选择随机效应模型(xtprobit)实证分析村幼儿园的设立现状及其影响因素,并进一步探究村内幼儿园设立状况对适龄儿童入园地点选择的影响。研究结果表明:(1)2016-2019年,设立幼儿园的村庄占比保持在30%,但同期村内3~6周岁儿童上幼儿园的比例从86%提高到91%。(2)适龄儿童数量越多,村内设立幼儿园的可能性越大,且该正向相关关系在高中及以上劳动力占比高、距离乡镇近、较富裕、平原地区的村庄更明显。(3)村内设立幼儿园能显著促进本村适龄儿童在村内上幼儿园,有力缓解了农村学龄前儿童入园远、成本高的问题,但家长对本村幼儿园的服务质量并不满意。据此提出以下建议:实现农村适龄儿童“幼有所育”需要根据适龄儿童数量因地制宜创新学前教育服务模式,尤其要加强对教育相对落后、偏远西部山区农村幼儿园的政策倾斜力度,并进一步加强家校合作,提升农村幼儿园质量,为我国经济社会可持续发展奠定人力资本基础。

    Abstract:

    Based on the panel data of China Rural Development Survey in 2016 and 2019, this paper analyzes the existence status of village kindergartens and its determinants using Probit, linear probability model (LPM) and binary selection random effects model (xtprobit) to, and further explores the effect of the establishment of village kindergartens on the preschoolers’ choices of enrollment locations. The results are as follows: 1) From 2016 to 2019, the proportion of villages with kindergartens remained at 30%, but the proportion of children aged 3~6 attending kindergartens increased from 86% to 91% during the same period. 2) The greater the number of preschoolers, the higher the likelihood of establishing kindergartens within the villages and this positive correlation is morepronounced in villages with a higher percentage of labor force with high school education or above, closer proximity to towns, relatively affluent, and located in plain areas. 3) The establishment of kindergartens in the village can significantly promote the preschoolers within village to attend the kindergartens located in village, which effectively alleviates the problems of long distance and high cost for rural preschool children to enroll in kindergartens. However, parents are not satisfied with the service quality of kindergartens located in village. These findings imply that it is necessary to innovate the service model of preschool education according to the number of preschoolers, with particular emphasis on providing policy support to educationally disadvantaged and remote rural kindergartens in the western mountainous regions. Additionally, the cooperation between family and school should be strengthened to improve the quality of rural kindergartens and lay the human capital foundation for sustainable economic and social development in China.

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曹月明,白云丽,张林秀.农村幼儿园设立与儿童入园选择[J].华中农业大学学报(社会科学版),2024(4):191-201

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  • 收稿日期:2022-12-26
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  • 在线发布日期: 2024-07-04
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