Enhancing the coupling coordination degree between scientific and technological innovation capacity and energy utilization efficiency is conducive to promoting energy conservation and emission reduction as well as high-quality economic development in China，promoting the implementation of the strategy of innovation-driven development and helping to realize of carbon peaking and carbon neutrality goals.Taking the middle reaches of the Yangtze River Economic Zone as an example，this paper constructs a comprehensive evaluation index system of scientific and technological innovation capacity and energy utilization efficiency，and uses the coupling coordination model to quantitatively analyze the dynamic coupling between scientific and technological innovation capacity and energy utilization efficiency in Hubei，Hunan and Jiangxi provinces from 2005 to 2019.The study found that from 2005 to 2019，both scientific and technological innovation capacity and energy utilization efficiency in the middle reaches of the Yangtze River Economic Zone have been significantly improved，and both of them show synchronous development，but the overall level still needs to be improved，with significant differences among provinces in scientific and technological innovation capacity.The coupling coordination level between scientific and technological innovation capacity and energy utilization efficiency is improving year by year，with the highest level of coupling coordination in Hubei Province，and the coupling coordination in Jiangxi and Hunan Provinces is still some distance away from quality coordination.Therefore，suggestions are put forward to improve the coupling coordination level of scientific and technological innovation capacity and energy utilization efficiency in the middle reaches of the Yangtze River Economic Zone from the perspectives of strengthening regional coordination effect，implementing differentiation strategy according to local conditions and deepening innovation driven，so as to promote the middle reaches of the Yangtze River Economic Zone to become a pilot demonstration zone for all-around sustainable development in economy，society and ecology，while taking “green，low-carbon and high-quality development”as the core.