XI Jinping’s important exposition on Modernization of Agriculture and Rural Areas has rich theoretical connotation. It mainly includes the scientific connotation theory of agricultural and rural modernization， the theory of strategic position of agricultural and rural modernization ， the theory of strategic goal of agricultural and rural modernization， the theory of major task of agricultural and rural modernization， the theory of development of agriculture and rural areas as top priority， the theory of synchronous development of “Four Modernizations”， the theory of the key to agricultural and rural modernization， and the theory of the path of agricultural modernization with Chinese characteristics. The important exposition contains clear internal logic， with the resolution of the problems of “agriculture， rural areas and farmers” as the orientation of agricultural and rural modernization， Chinese society’s principal contradiction in the new era as the essential basis for giving priority to agricultural and rural development， the Chinese modernization as the guide for promoting agricultural and rural modernization， and the basic national conditions and agricultural conditions of China as the basis for choosing the path of agricultural modernization， the Marxist worldview and methodology as the fundamental way to understanding agricultural and rural modernization. Moreover， the important exposition has profound value implications providing fundamental guidance for solving the problems of “agriculture， rural areas and farmers” in the new era， an important strategy for comprehensive revitalization of rural areas， practical guidance for building China’s agricultural power， and ideological enlightenment for the development of world agriculture.