It is of great significance to systematically assess the impact of outsourcing on food security in the context of China’s strong support and promotion of the development of outsourcing services. This study focuses on two dimensions of food security：quantitative goals and environmental goals.It analyzes the logical mechanism by which outsourcing affects China’s food security，considering three aspects：whether farmers participate in outsourcing，the horizontal extent of their participation，and the vertical extent of their participation. In addition，the sample survey data of 1211 farmers in China’s main food-producing areas and the CMP method are used to conduct an empirical test. The findings are as follows：① In accordance with the overall estimates，outsourcing contributed to the achievement of China’s quantitative food security objectives but hinders the attainment of China’s environmental food security objectives. This conclusion still holds after addressing the underlying endogeneity issue.② In terms of the sub-sample estimates of maize，wheat，and rice，the multidimensional impact of outsourcing on China’s food security is still relatively stable in corn and rice production，but the effect on wheat production is not obvious. With regard to the sub-sample estimates of Heilongjiang，Henan，and Hunan，the multidimensional impact of outsourcing on China’s food security is relatively stable in all three major food-producing provinces. Currently，adopting a service-oriented perspective to address the constraints between resource environment and farmers’ behavior has not proven to be an effective approach to resolving China’s environmental food security issues. Therefore，further efforts are needed to promote the development and improvement of the market for outsourcing services in agricultural production and to encourage and guide the green production orientation of outsourcing supply entities.