Based on the capital factor endowment theory，a theoretical model representing the effect of agricultural products’ commercialization rate on the amount of chemical fertilizer application by farmers is constructed，so as to clarify the impact mechanism.Then，an empirical test was conducted based on the survey data of rice farmers in Jianghan Plain of Hubei Province to examine the theoretical model.The results shows that there exits an inflection point in the affection of agricultural products’ commercialization rate on farmers’ chemical fertilizer application，which shows an “inverted U” sharp and the tipping point is 69.15%.When the commercialization rate of rice is lower than 69.15%，land fragmentation and off-farm labor transfer have significant positive impacts on the amount of chemical fertilizer application，indicating that land fragmentation caused by the land distribution system and the shift in the focus of household business to off-farm activities are the inducements for the short-term behaviors of farmers with low commercialization rate.When the rice commercialization rate is higher than 69.15%，service outsourcing and farmland scale management have significant negative impacts on the amount of chemical fertilizer application，suggesting that participating in the agricultural division of labor and carrying out farmland scale management can stimulate the long-term behavior of farmers with high commercialization rate.Based on the difference of reduction effects before and after the inflection point of rice commercialization rate，it is believed that farmers with lower commercialization rate should be the focus group in terms of fertilizer reduction，and the strategy to guide them is to solve the problem of land fragmentation through the construction of high-standard farmland，as well as removing the obstacles for mechanization and other labor saving operations.The strategy for farmers with higher commercialization rate is to encourage them to expand their farmland operation scale，and support farmers with trading ability to participate in agricultural division of labor.