Based on the provincial panel data of China from 1999 to 2019， this paper empirically analyzes the impact of agricultural products trade on agricultural carbon emissions， its spatial spillover effect and the threshold effect of digital rural development using the common panel model， spatial econometric model and panel threshold model. The results show that： 1） Agricultural products trade has a significant inhibitory effect on agricultural carbon emissions， and compared with the eastern region， major grain producing areas and trade surplus areas， this inhibitory effect is more significant in the central and western regions， non-major grain producing areas and trade deficit areas； 2） Under the setting of three spatial weight matrices， agricultural products trade has a significant inhibitory effect on agricultural carbon emissions in the local area and “adjacent areas”， and there is a spatial spillover effect. Compared with that of agricultural products export trade， the spatial spillover effect of agricultural products import trade on agricultural carbon emissions is more significant； 3） In the process of agricultural products trade inhibiting agricultural carbon emissions， there is a double threshold for the development of digital villages， namely， with the crossing of the two “thresholds” for the development of digital villages， the inhibitory effect of agricultural products trade on agricultural carbon emissions features a marginal increase. Therefore，it is proposed that the government should promote the deep opening of agricultural products trade， construct the coordination mechanism of agricultural products trade and strengthen the construction of digital villages.