In the new era， the rural grassroots contradictions have expanded from the traditional private sphere to the market sphere and public sphere， presenting the characteristics of diversification， complexity， volatility， and the difficulty in resolving them has increased significantly. In the new situation， the mechanism innovation of resolving contradictions at the grassroots level in rural areas mainly lies in the transformation from the division of responsibilities to the co-governance of multi-agent cooperation in the hope of solving the fragmentation dilemma of the single subject divide and rule. However， the lag in the construction of co-governance among multiple subjects has gradually become a major bottleneck in the resolution of rural grass-roots contradictions. Comprehensive and systematic capacity improvement is the effective strategy to deal with the lag in the construction of co-governance of rural grass-roots contradictions. It aims to solve the lag in the construction of co-governance through “solving contradictions by oneself - solving contradictions by others - solving contradictions in cooperation”， “consultation – collaboration - cooperation” and “autonomy - rule of law - rule of virtue”. Finally， we can gather governance resources， unite governance efforts， and jointly promote the harmonious and stable development of rural society.