This paper constructs a comprehensive index system of population and construction land based on the structure characteristics of street scale， and analyzes the spatiotemporal differentiation and coupling relationship between population and construction land in Wuhan from 2000 to 2015 by using hotspot analysis and coupling degree model. The types of human-land relationship are identified based on the combination characteristics of static coupling and dynamic coupling. The results show that the distribution of population and construction land in Wuhan presents a typical “center-edge” pattern. The static coupling degree of human and construction land is generally increasing and most of the streets have high coupling degree. The dynamic coupling degree between human and land is significantly lower than that of static coupling degree， and the combination types are dominated by static high coupling and dynamic moderate coupling. Some streets with high static coupling degree do not have the expected high level of dynamic coupling. The population change rate is faster than the construction land change rate， and the trend of population aging is obvious， which directly leads to the decrease of the coupling level. It is suggested to place emphasis on the revitalization of stock construction land and people-oriented structure optimization.