Since the 21st century,overseas farmland investment has gradually become one of the focus of research in the field of transnational agricultural investment. It is conducive to the indepth implementation of the agricultural “going out” strategy to explore distribution of host country of China’s overseas farmland investment and geopolitical factors. Based on the case data of China’s overseas farmland investment in the Land Matrix database,using literature data,spatial analysis,and mathematical modeling,this thesis finds that China’s overseas farmland investment is currently at a low level and the discreteness is obvious; the host country has significant spatial agglomeration,presenting a distribution pattern of “highhigh,lowlow” pattern; the scale of China’s overseas farmland investment is deeply influenced by geopolitics,geoeconomics,and geoculture. The total number of declarations and communiqués,the distance from the capital,the total number of government agencies abroad,the average annual number of inbound tourists,and the average annual total export value are all related to overseas farmland investment activities,and the impact effects are spatially heterogeneous. Under the background of the current global food security and the rapid development of China’s agricultural foreign investment,Chinese companies should pay more attention to investment in highquality arable land resources. It is necessary to scientifically adjust investment strategies and make plans on investment in key countries in accordance with the actual development of different regions. At the same time,relevant Chinese government departments should also strengthen interactive exchanges with key host countries,improve China’s overall investment in overseas arable land,and resolve corporate investment risks.