Based on the data from two rounds of questionnaire surveys on family farms in 2017 and 2018,this paper examines the impact of new technology adoption behavior on the economic efficiency of family farms. The results of the study show that compared with family farms that do not adopt new technologies,the economic efficiency of family farms that adopt them is relatively higher. However,if family farms only generally adopt new technologies,their economic efficiency does not improve significantly. Only by adopting new technologies that match their own needs can family farms increase their income significantly. And these conclusions are still valid after a series of robustness tests. In terms of the planting types,the income-increasing effect of the new technology adoption is mainly reflected in family farms that plant non-grain economic crops. In terms of new technology types,it’s mainly reflected in family farms that adopt new varieties and new methods of pest control. New technology adoption has had a greater impact on economic efficiency of family farms in urban suburbs,skilled farmers and model family farms. This paper puts forward a new concept “realization ratio of new technologies needs” and find raising realization ratio of new technologies needs is key to increase the effect of new technology adoption on economic efficiency of family farms.