中美公众的转基因态度差异及公众质疑转基因原因探析
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国家自然科学基金项目“中国转基因玉米商业化市场前景及其经济影响研究”(7157317)。


A Sino-US Attitude Comparison on GMO and Analysis of the Reason for Public Opposing GMO in China 
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    摘要:

    转基因是世界范围内的热点话题,在中国这一争论又变得更为复杂。本研究通过平行问卷调查的方式,对比了中美公众对转基因的态度差异。调查结果显示:中国公众自认为了解转基因的仅为26%,低于美国的40%。只有17.8%的中国公众认为转基因食品是安全的,低于美国的39%。为了进一步分析中国公众质疑转基因的原因,研究梳理总结出14个转基因负面传言,涵盖了食品安全、科技进步、环境保护、社会公平、政府透明、宗教信仰等多个方面。结果显示:这些传言在公众中均具有一定的知晓度和认可度。其中,65.9%的公众都认同传言“很多大型国际活动(奥运会、世博会等)都禁止提供转基因食品”,45.3%的公众都认同传言“美国孟山都公司毁灭中国大豆产业,转基因是巨大的阴谋,是针对发展中国家的生物武器”。由此可见,转基因争论已经超出了科学范畴,不能单纯依靠科学来回应公众质疑,科学传播的内容也需要进行“供给侧改革”。

    Abstract:

    The debate around genetically modified organisms (GMO) is one of the worldwide hot topic and is becoming more complicated in China.The present study aims at analyzing the difference in attitudes to GMO technology and produce between Chinese and American citizens with survey data.The statistical results showed that only 26% of Chinese think they understand GMO technology,lower than 40% in United States and 17.8%% of Chinese think the GMO produce are safe to eat,in contrast to 39% in United States.To further analyze why the public is suspicious of GMO,the present study summarizes 14 negative rumors about GMO,covering several aspects such as food safety,technological innovation,environmental protection,social equality,clean government,nationalism and religious faith.The results showed that all of those rumors have acquired a considerable amount of popularity and public recognition.65.9% of the respondents agree with the rumor that providing GM foods to major international events such as Olympic Game and the World Expo is forbidden.45.3% of the respondents agree with the rumor that American Monsanto has destroyed the soybean industry in China and GM Foods is a huge conspiracy and biological weapon against the developing country.In light of this,it is challenging for scientific knowledge alone to mitigate the public distrust of GMO and science communication is also needed for supply-side reform.

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崔 凯,Sharon Shoemaker.中美公众的转基因态度差异及公众质疑转基因原因探析[J].华中农业大学学报(社会科学版),2020(6):155-159

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  • 在线发布日期: 2020-11-11
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