"Cognitive tax" is actually a metaphor to express the short-sighted behavior of the poor in the decision-making process,the obscured desire and missed opportunities caused by poverty,as well as the the additional cognitive resources consumed due to lack of material conditions and social support.The mechanism of "cognitive tax" triggering persistent poverty is that it will cause the poor to pay too much attention to scarce resources producing attention imbalance which results in lack of confidence and passion in life; too much improper cognition causes cognitive load and failure to catch opportunities to get rid of poverty and bring about affluency; insufficient emphasis on education causes intergenerational transmission of poverty.Therefore,enriching the cognitive resources of poor households is the first choice to get rid of poverty.This requires a change in thinking and cognition to minimize cognitive consumption.Meanwhile emphasis should be put on education to block the intergenerational transmission of poverty and abandon the poverty mindset and simplify services process.