The aging of transplanted agricultural population is an important feature of rural labor migration from rural to urban areas. We construct a two-sector model to study the migration decision of the young labor force and the old-age labor force from the perspective of labor efficiency and explain this phenomenon and obtain the two-stage theoretical characteristics of labor transfer. Based on census data,this paper first calculates the number of laborers of all ages who moved from agriculture to non-agriculture in the four time periods:1995-2000,2000-2005,2005-2010,and 2010-2015 and verifies the two-stage characteristics of rural labor transfer:the young laborers in the initial period flowed out of agriculture,and it was difficult for the old-aged labor force to flow out; in the later period the young laborers began to return to agriculture,and the older laborers flowed out of agriculture. This conclusion shows that the benefit of allocating different age group laborers between agriculture and non-agriculture still exists. We hold the opinion that promoting the reform of the household registration system and the land system and developing the tertiary industry can facilitate the free flow of the labor force in the second stage,better take advantage of the benefit and revitalize the countryside.