The paper scientifically evaluates the agricultural carbon effect of seven regions in China and comprehensively evaluates the fairness of their respective carbon emissions. Based on the research above,the paper analyzes the driving mechanism of agricultural carbon effect of each region by using LMDI model. The results show that:(1)All the seven regions show the characteristics of agricultural net carbon sink,of which East China has the most net carbon sink and Northwest China the least. Figures of all the seven regions showed a leap after 2000 with the largest increase in northeast China and the smallest increase in southwest China. (2)The ecological carrying capacity of agricultural carbon emissions in northeast China ranks the first in China,up to 1.680. The economic contribution coefficient of agricultural carbon emissions in south China is the highest,at 1.241. The evolution tracks in these regions are mainly presented in such forms as fluctuated rise,fluctuated decline,first rise and then decline,and slight decline. According to the numerical difference between the ecological carrying capacity of agricultural carbon emissions and the economic contribution capacity,the seven regions can be divided into four types,namely high-high,high-low,low-high and low-low. (3)Economic factors,efficiency factors and labor force factors have played a more significant role in influencing the change of agricultural net carbon sink. Economic factors are driving factors,while efficiency factors and labor force factors are inhibiting factors. The structural factors are double-sided and less influential.