Abstract:Based on the comprehensive social survey data of urban and rural households in Hubei Province,the application of binomial logistic regression and multiple ordinal logistic regression analysis,this article compares the factors affecting the sense of social fairness of urban and rural disadvantaged residents.It is found that the impact of social economic status on residents’ sense of social fairness is not significant,but the relative deprivation factors can restrain their sense of social fairness.And social assistance can promote their sense of social fairness.Comparatively speaking,the promotion effect of social assistance on the sense of social fairness is more stable.To be more specific,the sense of deprivation of disadvantaged residents in suburb and township is lower compared with that in city; and the sense of deprivation of rural community disadvantaged residents is lowest.Correspondingly,the sense of social fairness of rural community disadvantaged residents is the highest,followed by disadvantaged residents in suburb and township,and then those in city.Compared with the urban and rural disadvantaged residents having no access to social assistance,those having received social assistance are more likely to have a higher sense of social fairness.Therefore,helplessness rather than poverty is the cause of trouble.And promoting the sense of social fairness of social members relies on shortening the gap between different social stratums,promoting the integration of social stratums,and improving the social assistance system.