Based on the data of trade in agricultural products,this paper introduces domestic demand scale and demand structure into the gravity model and empirically tests the home market effect of agricultural exports in China. The result shows that overall agricultural exports have adverse home market effects with no factor endowment advantage. Specifically,there are home market effects on demand scale in exports of vegetables,fruits,aquatic products,forest paper products and non-edible livestock products; there is adverse home market effect on demand scale in exports of bulk farmproducts; there is home market effects on demand structure in exports of tobacco; there are adverse home market effects on demand structure in exports of vegetables,fruits,forest paper products,and non-edible livestock products and there are no home market effects in exports of beverages and edible livestock products. Therefore,China should push forward the reform of market demand oriented agricultural supply side.