Land state ownership of state farms and rural land collective ownership are two different forms of land public ownership,which are completely different from the private ownership of land.At the beginning of the reform and opening up in China,the responsibility system for rural households has released greatly agricultural productivity．The experience of rural farms in rural areas has been generally studied by state-owned farms.After entering the 21st century,the agricultural management system of state-owned farms and rural agricultural management system have undergone important differentiations,in which the rural management system overemphasizes on farmers’ contracting management rights,while state-owned farms adhere to the nature of agricultural land production.In the context of rapid urbanization and agricultural mechanization in the 21st century,state-owned farms are well adapted to the need for changes in agricultural productivity by adjusting land relations and production relations.Relatively speaking,rural management system overemphasizes on the contract management rights,which results in agricultural productivity seriously constrained by the existing rural land relations.The management system of the state farms and the land system arrangement provide the important enlightenment for the rural management system reform.