Based on survey in Xicheng,Podi and Saoqu villages of Wu Xiang county,Shanxi province,this paper uses case study method to analyze problems in rural land renting from the three stages of establishing renting contract,performance of contract and termination of contract as well as their influence on farmers’ lives.The result shows that the ambiguous pricing standards lead to turmoil of land renting market,which causes some social and environmental problems.Irregular and unjustifiable procedure of establishing contract and imperfect legal system lead to high default risk,low breaching costs and widespread defaults.The unclear power and responsibility of land renting makes liability unable to investigate after the contract is performed.