The construction of modern agricultural industrial system is an important measure to promote the modernization of agriculture in China.Based on the relationship between modern agricultural industrial system,production system and management system,this paper firstly summarizes the concept and connotation of modern agricultural industrial system.Secondly this paper summarizes the main achievements in the construction of modern agricultural industrial system in China in the new century,analyzes the existing difficulties and challenges,and then measures the development level of China’s modern agricultural industrial system with the reference to the evaluation index of modern agriculture.Finally,this paper puts forward paths and suggestions on how to accelerate the construction of modern agricultural industrial system in China.