Abstract:Taking three staple food of wheat,rice and maize as the example and combining with related data in 2013 from FAOSTAT database,this paper uses GAEZ v3.0 method to measure the grain development potential of the one Belt and one Road areas.The result shows that,among countries of the one Belt and one Road areas,grain development potential of India and Russia are among the top two,Ukraine,Thailand,Turkey,Romania,Iran,Pakistan and Kazakhstan are also have strong potential.Taken as a whole,the grain development potential of the one Belt and one Road areas is between 382 million tons and 410 million tons,and the growth range of which is between 40.34% and 43.29%; the wheat development potential is between 192 million tons and 218 million tons,and the growth range of which is between 59.63% and 67.62%; the rice development potential is between 88 million tons and 92 million tons,and the growth range of which is between 19.43% and 20.36%; the maize development potential is between 100 million tons and 104 million tons,and the growth range of which is between 58.30% and 60.88%