Social isolation has negative influence on both the physical,mental health and quality of life to the left behind elderly in rural areas.Based on resilience theory,this paper practices social work intervention on the social alienation of the leftbehind elderly from the individual level,family level and the community level.It is empirically found that the “resilience” in social work is a notion that stresses combination of individual and society,micro and macro.It can enhance internal protective factor and external protective factors of rural left behind elderly and improve resilience of rural left behind elderly from the three logical levels of the individual,family and community.In the process of intervening social isolation of rural left behind elderly,we should adhere to the concept of “communityoriented” in order to avoid the problem orientation,and stick to such principles of dominant orientation,system intervention,continuous interaction,and laying equal stress on theory and practice.