Beekeeping in China has a long history，but it develops slowly in traditional society.During the Late Qing dynasty and the Early Republic of China,beekeeping industry has begun to flourish and after serval stages of development,it became a common practice in large areas of southern and northern China.The government and the ordinary people both regarded it as an important way to rehabilitate agriculture and become rich.But owing to many problems,beekeeping upsurge has come into declining after a few years.The government of the Republic made several corresponding policies to strengthen the advocacy and supervision of beekeeping industry,and some signs of apiculture recovery could also be seen during that time.However,because of inadequate intervention and the changes of international and domestic situations,the apiculture was still in depression until the founding of new China.Based on beekeeping history,agricultural economics and other related ideologies,this paper points out that today’s apiculture development must rely on fortification of government supervision,improvement of both deep involvement of various social strata people and technical level and expansion of market as well.Therefore,a reasonable modernization production structure can be built.