Based on the questionnaire survey data of 216 farmer entrepreneurs from 7 cities in Guangdong province, this paper analyzes the effects of personality traits on farmers’ entrepreneurial performance and the moderating role of human capital. The result shows that extraversion, emotional stability and conscientiousness of “Big Five” have positive effects on farmers’ entrepreneurial performance; human capital positively moderates the relationships between conscientiousness and extraversion of “Big Five” and farmer’s entrepreneurial performance. Therefore, farmer entrepreneurs should pay more attention to the cultivation of their own personality traits,the increase of investment in human capital of education, training and practical experience. Government must improve its vocational education and training system of farmer entrepreneurs and encourage more and more farmers to devote themselves to entrepreneurial careers.