Abstract:Based on literature study, this paper reviews the related study on farmland protection target as well as interregional compensation mechanism in China and finds out the following trends: farmland protection target gradually converts from regional equilibrium of farmland area to interregional equilibrium of farmland area; focal point in farmland protection researches gradually convert from equilibrium of farmland quantity to equilibrium of farmland productivity and researches on compensation standard gradually converts from farmland requisition compensation to interregional farmland protection compensation based on internalization externalities of farmland protection. Therefore, this paper proposes the future research priorities of farmland protection target and interregional compensation mechanism in China:interregional farmland allocation and protection researches based on balance of spatial efficiency; interregional farmland protection with the goal of equilibrium of farmland productivity; farmland protection compensation mechanism on the basis of researches on farmland protection target responsibility based on interregional differences of both economic development and natural resources,and farmland protection compensation standard based on Pareto optimization.