Based on the survey data in Liangping county,Chongqing,this paper analyzes the influencing factors of peasant's participating behavior in quittance of rural residential land by building binary logistic model. The result shows that willingness of peasants' participation is not high and the extent of peasants' participation is relatively low.The main factors affecting peasants' participation include the following aspects: number of children to be raised in the family, quantity of residential land, peasants' cognition on quittance policies, peasants support of quittance reform and peasants' cognition on quittance profits. Therefore,this paper points out that first, governments should increase the propaganda in order to enhance the extent of peasants' participation based on their full understanding of quittance policies; second, government should increase the financial investment in quittance facilities and formulate rational and fair compensation standards;finally, diversified options of compensation mode from simplified land quittance to pluralistic land quittance should be carried out so as to meet the need of different peasants.