Through participant observation and depth interviews research methods,this paper analyzes the living conditions and public cultural services for migrant workers and concludes that the living conditions of migrant workers are generally poor:poor working conditions,heavy burden of life,closed social connections and living priority.Though the state has adopted a series of policies and has taken a number of initiatives to meet the cultural needs of migrant workers,the public cultural services for migrant workers are still deviated.Therefore,this paper points out that construction of public cultural services for migrant workers needs to proceed from the living conditions of migrant workers and their characteristics.Public cultural service for migrant workers should be improved from the following aspects:to improve social security of migrant workers in order to get rid of their worries; to strengthen the financial input and give good work training for them; to make more investigations and improve the mechanism of demand expression and to strengthen propaganda to enhance the participation awareness of migrant workers.