To realize agricultural modernization is the basic target of China's agricultural development. Farmers are the behavior subjects of agricultural industrial development and their income is the fundamental behavior incentive. Therefore, farmer's income is the core for modern agricultural development. Based on the above hypothesis, this paper uses computing formula of farmer's income as the logical starting point, basic variable influencing farmer's income as the basic clue to deduce the developmental strategy of modern agriculture, establish a policy system of modern agricultural development and then further refine the internal logic and operating clues for pushing forward "structural adjustment, technological innovation, organizational innovation and coordination of rural and urban development in China's modern agricultural development.