Based on the survey data from 440 county agents of rape and rice seed in Hubei province, Anhui province and Jiangxi province, this paper uses empirical method to discuss the impact of personal resources of county agents in the marketing channel on their expected and actual profits. This paper also analyzes the moderating effect of social capital on the relationship between them in order to explore the resource factors and functional mechanism of the channel profits allocation of the county agents in the seed industry. The result shows that in the seed business, social capital is regulating the relationship between agent’s personal resources and profits. Above all, the county agents in the seed industry should pay attention to collecting market information, catching each chance to increase their strength and extending their reputation. At the same time, they should increase their social capital if possible.