Based on the survey data of China farmer’s entrepreneurship，this paper analyses the influencing factors and action mechanism of farmers’ entrepreneurial opportunity recognition by using moderated multiple regression methods.The result shows that demographic characteristics are important factors to farmers’ entrepreneurial opportunity recognition, but their influences are weaker than entrepreneurs' traits. New trait theory is verified in farmers’ entrepreneurial opportunity recognition behavior. Entrepreneurial environment is becoming an increasingly important factor in farmers’ entrepreneurial opportunity recognition which has stronger moderating effect on entrepreneurs’ social network and previous experience than the effect of the psychological characteristics of entrepreneurs.