Based on the sample data from rural left behind elderly,this paper analyzes the status quo of agricultural production of rural leftbehind elderly.The result shows that first,under such conditions as poor agricultural production,difficulties of employing labor force,lack of support from government and lack of helping from the rural communities,60.9% of rural left behind elderly interviewed have to bear the double burden both in agricultural production and housework,some of whom will,at the same time,take the important responsibility of taking care of their grandchildren; second,their poor quality and inadequate external support have restricted the development of agricultural production,even influenced the continuous supply of agricultural products.The purpose is to arouse the attention from government and the whole society on the issue of rural leftbehind elderly so as to reduce their labor burden,improve their welfare and promote the sustainable development of agriculture.