In recent years,with the rapid development of China’s economy and constant improvement of rural residents’ living standards,some new features and developmental trends of farmers’ grain consumption have appeared.Based on the statistical data from 1993 to 2009， the grain consumption of rural residents was surveyed with the help of such methods as historical analysis,empirical analysis,forecast model and quantitative analysis.Accordingly,this paper predicted the direct and indirect grain consumption per person for rural residents in China in the next 20 years.This paper finally put forward policies and corresponding measurements on how to enhance the basic nutrition,improve nutrient structure and ensure food security for rural residents.