Based on the extended linear expenditure system（ELES）model,this paper analyzed food consumption structure of urban residents in Wuhan.The results show that marginal propensity of consuming meat,poultry,eggs and vegetables is higher.The cost of eating out is gradually increasing year by year.Fresh and dried fruits and dairy products change a little in the proportion of food expenditure.In the next 5 years,food demand of urban residents in Wuhan will increase with the growth of their income.In order to improve the life quality and food consumption structure,geographical advantages should be fully used to expand breeding of aquatic products.Priority to develop food processing enterprises should be given.Government and enterprises should popularize the expertise of nutrition and health to urban residents in Wuhan and finally grain production enterprises should be encouraged to develop.