Scarcity of the financial resources in rural regions is considered as one of the most important barriers in developing China’s rural economy and increasing farmers’ income.Autonomous financial cooperation in some rural areas has begun to appear in order to relieve such difficult position since the reform and opening up.The internal research literature mainly focuses on the rural cooperation fund which prospered in 1980s and was banned at the end of 1990s,as well as the rural financial commune which is one of the important methods to help the poor since 2000.This paper,through sorting out the main literature of relative theme,unerstands how to realize the clarification of property rights,autonomous management and effective supervision through the institution construction and rurual financial cooperation is still under the stage of institution construction and exploration.