From the angle of state and society,this paper analyzes the developmental process of farmer’s cooperative economic organization since the founding of new China and discusses the changes of subjects in rural social management.The results show that farmer’s cooperative economic organization has gradually become a good platform to carry out the state will and fulfil citizens’ self-management.The autonomy of farmer’s cooperative economic organization is constantly increasing,its forms are diversified and its status and functions in social management are also highlighting.The developmental process of farmer’s cooperative economic organization is the process in which rural social management system is constantly shaping and perfecting,management concept is converting to people-orientation and the subjects are gradually diversified and socialized.